Bohemia feels like stepping into a living fairy tale—charming, mysterious, and filled with hidden gems. From the cobblestone streets of Prague to the stunning landscapes of Bohemian Switzerland, this region offers endless must-see attractions. Whether you’re crossing the iconic Charles Bridge or exploring the quiet beauty of Kutná Hora, Bohemia blends history, culture, and nature in the most enchanting ways. Let’s dive into 12 must-see attractions and experiences in Bohemia!
Best Things to Do in Bohemia
Ready to explore the best of Bohemia? Wander through the fairy-tale streets of Český Krumlov, admire the grandeur of Prague Castle, and soak in the healing waters of Karlovy Vary’s historic spas. Hike through Bohemian Switzerland National Park, explore mystical rock formations in Adršpach, or cruise along the Vltava River. Savor hearty Czech cuisine, visit renowned breweries, and experience traditional folklore festivals. Whether you’re drawn to history, nature, or local flavors, Bohemia offers an unforgettable mix of adventure and culture.
1. Karlštejn Castle
Karlštejn Castle is one of Bohemia’s most famous medieval landmarks, perched above the Berounka River. Built in 1348 by Emperor Charles IV, this fortress was designed to safeguard the Crown Jewels, holy relics, and royal treasures. The Chapel of the Holy Cross, hidden deep within the castle, features gold-plated walls, intricate frescoes, and rare gemstones, making it the highlight of any visit. The Great Tower offers breathtaking views of the forested Czech countryside, while the Gothic halls and fortifications transport visitors back to the Middle Ages. I joined a guided tour which provided insights into Charles IV’s reign and the castle’s role in Czech history.
The fairy-tale architecture, fascinating legends, and stunning views made it one of my favorite visits. Whether you’re interested in history, architecture, or a picturesque day trip, Karlštejn Castle is an essential stop in Bohemia.
2. Český Krumlov
Walking through Český Krumlov feels like stepping into a fairy tale, with its cobblestone streets, colorful Renaissance buildings, and a majestic castle overlooking the Vltava River. The Český Krumlov Castle Complex, second only to Prague Castle in size, features an impressive Baroque theater, historic gardens, and panoramic views from the castle tower. The town is also home to the Egon Schiele Art Centrum, showcasing works by the Austrian painter and other modern artists. Wandering through the charming old town, you’ll find quaint cafés, artisan shops, and hidden courtyards that add to its magical appeal.
I spent a full day here, exploring the castle grounds before renting a raft for a scenic float down the Vltava River. Seeing the red-roofed townscape from the water was unforgettable. Whether you love history, art, or outdoor adventures, Český Krumlov is a must-visit in Bohemia.
3. Bohemian Switzerland National Park
Bohemian Switzerland National Park is a nature lover’s paradise, famous for its dramatic sandstone cliffs, lush forests, and stunning rock formations. The most iconic landmark is Pravčická Brána, the largest natural sandstone arch in Europe, offering breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape. Another must-do is a boat ride through the Kamenice Gorge, where towering cliffs rise above crystal-clear waters. Hiking trails lead to hidden viewpoints, caves, and rock towers, making it an excellent destination for photographers and adventure seekers.
I hiked to Pravčická Brána at sunrise, and the mist rolling through the valley created an almost dreamlike scene. Later, I took a boat ride through the gorge, marveling at the towering rock formations. Whether you prefer an active trek or a peaceful nature escape, Bohemian Switzerland is one of the most spectacular places to visit in Bohemia.
4. Plzeň
Plzeň (Pilsen) is a city with a rich brewing heritage and vibrant cultural scene, best known as the birthplace of Pilsner Urquell beer. A tour of the Pilsner Urquell Brewery takes visitors through its historic cellars, brewing process, and tastings of fresh, unfiltered beer straight from the barrel. Beyond beer, Plzeň boasts impressive architecture, including the Gothic St. Bartholomew’s Cathedral, which has the tallest church tower in the Czech Republic. The Great Synagogue, one of the largest in Europe, is another must-see landmark.
I joined a brewery tour and was amazed by the centuries-old lagering cellars beneath the city. Afterward, I climbed the cathedral tower for a panoramic view of Plzeň. Whether you’re a beer enthusiast, history buff, or casual traveler, this city offers a perfect mix of culture and tradition.
5. Kutná Hora
Kutná Hora, a UNESCO World Heritage site, is a town filled with stunning Gothic architecture, medieval history, and a truly unique landmark—the Sedlec Ossuary (Bone Church). Decorated with the bones of an estimated 40,000 people, this eerie yet fascinating chapel features bone chandeliers, intricate skull pyramids, and an artistically arranged coat of arms. Another must-visit is St. Barbara’s Church, a magnificent Gothic cathedral with soaring ceilings and stunning frescoes, built to honor miners who once fueled the town’s silver boom.
I visited on a misty morning, and the Bone Church’s dimly lit interior made the experience even more surreal. Afterward, I explored St. Barbara’s Church and wandered through the charming old town, stopping at a local café for a warm trdelník (chimney cake). If you’re into history, architecture, or the unusual, Kutná Hora is an unforgettable stop in Bohemia.
6. Karlovy Vary and Mariánské Lázně
The spa towns of Karlovy Vary and Mariánské Lázně are famous for their thermal springs, elegant colonnades, and healing mineral waters. In Karlovy Vary, visitors can sip warm mineral water from ornate drinking fountains while admiring the colorful 19th-century architecture. The town is also home to the Moser Glass Museum, showcasing Bohemian crystal craftsmanship, and the famous Grandhotel Pupp, known from the movie Casino Royale. Meanwhile, Mariánské Lázně offers a more peaceful setting, with lush parks, neoclassical spa buildings, and the enchanting Singing Fountain.
I tried the traditional spa wafers while strolling along Karlovy Vary’s colonnades, sipping from a porcelain spa cup like the locals. The warm, slightly salty water was… an acquired taste, but the experience was worth it! Whether you’re here to relax, explore, or enjoy luxury wellness treatments, these spa towns are among the most charming places in Bohemia.
7. Houska Castle
Unlike other castles built for protection or nobility, Houska Castle has a much darker reputation—it was supposedly constructed to seal a gateway to hell. Located deep in the forests of northern Bohemia, this mysterious Gothic fortress has no fortifications, water source, or clear strategic purpose. Legend has it that strange creatures once emerged from the bottomless pit beneath the castle, leading locals to believe it was an entrance to the underworld. The castle itself features faded frescoes, hidden passageways, and eerie medieval artwork depicting demons and strange beasts.
The unsettling atmosphere was impossible to ignore as I walked through the dimly lit corridors, half expecting to hear whispers from the past. Whether you believe in the legends or not, Houska Castle is a fascinating and chilling destination for those drawn to mystery, history, and the supernatural.
8. České Budějovice
České Budějovice, the birthplace of Budweiser beer, is a lively city with a perfect mix of history, culture, and fantastic local brews. Its centerpiece is Přemysl Otakar II Square, one of the largest town squares in Europe, surrounded by colorful Baroque and Renaissance buildings. The Black Tower, standing 72 meters high, offers panoramic views of the city and nearby countryside. Of course, no visit is complete without a brewery tour at Budweiser Budvar, where you can learn about the centuries-old brewing traditions behind one of the world’s most famous beers.
After climbing the Black Tower, I rewarded myself with a cold, freshly brewed Budvar at a local beer hall. The mix of stunning architecture, laid-back charm, and great beer culture makes České Budějovice a fantastic destination in Bohemia, whether you’re a history buff, foodie, or beer lover.
9. Šumava National Park
Šumava National Park is a paradise for nature lovers, hikers, and wildlife enthusiasts, covering a vast stretch of forests, rivers, and glacial lakes. The park’s remote trails, wooden boardwalks, and lookout towers lead to stunning landscapes like Černé jezero (Black Lake) and Bílá strž Waterfall. The Vltava River begins its journey here, making it a great spot for canoeing and rafting. In winter, the park transforms into a cross-country skiing haven, with snow-covered trails winding through its peaceful wilderness.
I spent a full day exploring the park, hiking through ancient forests and stopping to watch eagles soaring overhead. The air was crisp, the scenery untouched, and the silence almost surreal. Whether you’re looking for outdoor adventure, wildlife spotting, or a peaceful escape, Šumava National Park is one of Bohemia’s most breathtaking natural wonders.
10. Telč
A visit to Telč feels like stepping into a Renaissance painting, with its pastel-colored townhouses, ornate sgraffito facades, and serene ponds. The town’s main square, Náměstí Zachariáše z Hradce, is a UNESCO World Heritage site and one of Bohemia’s most picturesque squares. At its heart stands Telč Castle, a beautifully preserved Renaissance palace filled with elegant frescoes, antique furniture, and intricate wooden ceilings. Beyond the square, tranquil lakes and forests make Telč a perfect place for a relaxing getaway.
I spent an afternoon wandering through the arcaded streets, stopping for a coffee at a small café overlooking the square. Later, I toured Telč Castle, admiring its lavish halls and learning about its noble past. Whether you’re a fan of architecture, history, or quiet charm, Telč is a must-visit destination in Bohemia.
11. Koněprusy Caves
Hidden beneath the rolling limestone hills of Central Bohemia, the Koněprusy Caves are the largest cave system in the Czech Republic, stretching over 2 kilometers. Inside, visitors can explore three levels of underground chambers filled with stalactites, stalagmites, and unique mineral formations. The caves date back millions of years and were even used as a counterfeit coin workshop in the 15th century! The guided tour takes you through caverns, narrow passageways, and the eerie “Organ Chamber,” where natural rock formations resemble organ pipes.
I was amazed by the surreal rock formations and the cool, damp air deep inside the caves. The history, geology, and hidden legends make Koněprusy one of the most intriguing and offbeat places to visit in Bohemia. If you love underground wonders, this is an unforgettable stop.
12. Písek
Písek is a hidden gem that blends medieval history, artistic culture, and riverside charm. The town’s star attraction is the Písek Stone Bridge, the oldest preserved bridge in the Czech Republic, dating back to the 13th century—even older than Prague’s Charles Bridge! Strolling along its cobbled streets, you’ll find colorful facades, historic squares, and a lively arts scene. The town also hosts the Písek International Student Film Festival, drawing creative minds from across Europe.
I was captivated by the town’s relaxed vibe, stopping at a small gallery showcasing local artwork before enjoying a quiet walk along the Otava River. The combination of rich history, artistic energy, and scenic riverside views makes Písek one of the most underrated destinations in Bohemia. If you love exploring off-the-beaten-path towns, put this one on your list.
